The Department of Transportation (DOT) physical exam is a thorough health evaluation required for commercial drivers to ensure they are medically fit to safely operate a commercial vehicle. During this exam, a healthcare provider reviews the driver's overall health and medical background to assess their fitness for the road. This includes gathering information about any medications, tobacco or alcohol use, and past or current medical conditions that could affect driving ability. The goal is to identify potential health risks that may compromise the safety of the driver and others on the road.

The physical examination involves checking vital signs such as height, weight, blood pressure, and pulse, as well as assessing reflexes, skin health, and overall physical mobility. The provider will also conduct tests to ensure adequate vision and hearing—drivers must have at least 20/40 vision in each eye and pass a basic hearing test. A urinalysis is typically performed to detect any underlying health issues like diabetes or kidney problems. Depending on the individual’s health history, additional tests may be required, such as screening for sleep apnea. The exam, which typically lasts about 45 minutes, aims to identify conditions that could disqualify a driver, such as uncontrolled high blood pressure, heart or lung diseases, diabetes, sleep disorders, or substance abuse.